approved the law on Dyslexia 
Good news for the families of about 350 000 Italian students with dyslexia. These children and young people with specific learning difficulties - specific learning disorders (ie dyslexia (difficulty reading), dysgraphia / dysorthography (difficulty in demonstrations graphics) and dyscalculia (difficulty in performing calculations), all disorders that have nothing to do with their intellectual abilities but are often not recognized and in some cases causing misunderstanding on the part of teachers and discouraging unnecessary or difficult to study in boys . The Senate has approved a few months away from the room, a law that protects these students. The law allocates two million euro for 2010 and 2011 (one million per year) and provides custom training, the use of compensatory measures (personal computer, calculator) and also facilities for specific examinations including graduate students and the study of foreign languages. Parents of pupils primary with these disorders, whose diagnosis is reserved for the NHS, can avail of flexible working arrangements on work permits to better assist their children in school activities. In addition there is a specific training for teachers, for the early detection of these diseases and the application of educational rehabilitation. Under the new law teachers must be aware of the fact that to assess, in a just and fair, students with dyslexia and learning disabilities are different criteria: for example, shorter tasks, privilege Oral Questions with respect to written tests, attention the content of the topics that the spelling errors, or the ability to solve a problem rather than the knowledge of the mnemonic tables.
The law envisages the need for special training for teachers also aimed "to acquire the expertise to find early signs of trouble." Another important aspect covered by the new rules is that concerning the diagnosis to be made within the scope of specialist treatments already provided by the NHS (in legislation) will be notified by the family to home school student.
IL TESTO DELLA LEGGE
Art. 1.
(Riconoscimento e definizione di dislessia, disgrafia, disortografia e discalculia).
1. La presente legge riconosce la dislessia, la disgrafia, la disortografia e la discalculia quali disturbi specifici di apprendimento, di seguito denominati «DSA», che si manifestano in presenza di capacità cognitive adeguate, in assenza di patologie neurologiche e di deficit sensoriali, ma possono costituire una limitazione importante for some activities of daily living.
2. For the purposes of this Act, the term dyslexia is a specific disorder that manifests as a difficulty in learning to read, particularly in the decipherment of linguistic signs, or in the correctness and speed of reading.
3. For the purposes of this Act, the term dysgraphia a specific disorder that manifests itself in writing difficulties in graphic design.
4. For the purposes of this Act shall mean dysorthography a specific disorder of writing that occurs in linguistic difficulties in the process of transcoding.
5. For the purposes of this Act, the term dyscalculia is a specific disorder that manifests as a difficulties in the automation of the calculation and processing of numbers.
6. Dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia and the dysorthography may exist separately or together.
7. In the interpretation of the definitions contained in paragraphs 2 to 5, taking account of developments in scientific knowledge.
1. This Act seeks to achieve, for people with learning difficulties, the following purposes:
a) guarantee the right to education;
b) educational success, including measures of educational support, to ensure adequate training and promoting the development of potential;
c) reduce the inconvenience and emotional relationships;
d) adopt forms of verification and assessment appropriate to the training needs of students;
s) prepare teachers and parents aware of issues in relation to the DSA;
f) promote early diagnosis and rehabilitation didactic;
g ) increase communication and collaboration between family, scuola e servizi sanitari durante il percorso di istruzione e di formazione;
h) assicurare eguali opportunità di sviluppo delle capacità in ambito sociale e professionale.
Art. 3.
(Diagnosi).
1. La diagnosi dei DSA è effettuata nell'ambito dei trattamenti specialistici già assicurati dal Servizio sanitario nazionale a legislazione vigente ed è comunicata dalla famiglia alla scuola di appartenenza dello studente. Le regioni nel cui territorio non sia possibile effettuare la diagnosi nell'ambito dei trattamenti specialist provided by the National Health Service may provide, within the limits of human resources, equipment and financial resources to existing legislation, the same diagnosis is made by specialists or accredited facilities.
2. For students who, despite adequate planning recovery activities targeted, have persistent difficulties, the school shall notify the appropriate family.
3. It is the responsibility of schools of all levels, including kindergarten, activate, after proper notice to interested families, early interventions, such as to identify suspected cases of DSA students on the basis of regional protocols for in Article 7, paragraph 1. The outcome of these activities is not, however, a diagnosis of ASD.
Article 4.
(Training at school).
1. For the years 2010 and 2011, in programs, teacher training and management of schools of all levels, including preschools, there shall be adequate preparation on issues relating to the DSA, aimed at capturing the expertise to find early signs and the consequent ability to apply teaching strategies, methodologies and proper assessment.
2. For the purposes of paragraph 1 shall be authorized an expenditure of a million euro for each of the years 2010 and 2011. The costs shall be covered through a corresponding use of the Reserve Fund for the authorized expenditure of more permanent nature of current writing in the estimates of the Ministry of Economy and Finance, as determined from Table C attached to the Law of 23 December 2009, n . 191.
Article 5.
(measures of teaching and educational support).
1. Students diagnosed with learning difficulties diritto a fruire di appositi provvedimenti dispensativi e compensativi di flessibilità didattica nel corso dei cicli di istruzione e formazione e negli studi universitari.
2. Agli studenti con DSA le istituzioni scolastiche, a valere sulle risorse specifiche e disponibili a legislazione vigente iscritte nello stato di previsione del Ministero dell'istruzione, dell'università e della ricerca, garantiscono:
a) l'uso di una didattica individualizzata e personalizzata, con forme efficaci e flessibili di lavoro scolastico che tengano conto anche di caratteristiche peculiari dei soggetti, quali il bilinguismo, adottando una metodologia e una strategia educativa adeguate;
b) l'introduzione di strumenti compensativi, compresi i mezzi di apprendimento alternativi e le tecnologie informatiche, nonché misure dispensative da alcune prestazioni non essenziali ai fini della qualità dei concetti da apprendere;
c) per l'insegnamento delle lingue straniere, l'uso di strumenti compensativi che favoriscano la comunicazione verbale e che assicurino ritmi graduali di apprendimento, prevedendo anche, ove risulti utile, la possibilità dell'esonero.
3. Le misure di cui al comma 2 devono essere sottoposte periodicamente a monitoraggio per valutarne l'efficacia e il raggiungimento degli obiettivi.
4. Agli studenti con DSA sono guaranteed during the course of education and training in schools and universities, appropriate forms of monitoring and evaluation, including on the state exams and college entrance exams and the university.
Article 6.
(measures for family members).
1. Family members until the first grade students of the first cycle of DSA involved in helping with school activities at home are entitled to take advantage of flexible working hours.
2. The procedures for exercising the right referred to in paragraph 1 shall be determined dai contratti collettivi nazionali di lavoro dei comparti interessati e non devono comportare nuovi o maggiori oneri a carico della finanza pubblica.
Art. 7.
(Disposizioni di attuazione).
1. Con decreto del Ministro dell'istruzione, dell'università e della ricerca di concerto con il Ministro della salute, previa intesa in sede di Conferenza permanente per i rapporti tra lo Stato, le regioni e le province autonome di Trento e di Bolzano, si provvede, entro quattro mesi dalla data di entrata in vigore della presente legge, ad emanare linee guida per la predisposizione di protocolli regionali, to be concluded within the next six months, for early identification of activities under Article 3, paragraph 3.
2. The Minister for Education, Universities and Research, within four months from the date of entry into force of this law, by decree, identify the mode of training of teachers and directors referred to in Article 4, the educational measures and educational support provided for in Article 5, paragraph 2, and forms of assessment and evaluation aimed at implementing the provisions of Article 5, paragraph 4.
3. By decree of the Minister of Education, University and Research, to be taken within two months from the date of entry into force of this Act, shall be established Ministry of Education, University and Research is a Scientific Committee composed of experts with proven expertise in the DSA. The Committee has the task of inquiry as to the functions that this Act gives the Ministry of Education, University and Research. The members of the Committee is not entitled to any bonus. To any reimbursement of expenses shall be within the limits of available resources to current legislation included in the estimates of the Ministry of Education, University and Research.
Article 8.
(Powers of the special regions and autonomous provinces).
1. They are subject to the powers of the special regions and autonomous provinces of Trento and Bolzano, in accordance with their statutes and their implementing rules and the requirements of Title V of Part II of the Constitution.
2. Within three months from the date of entry into force of this Act, the special statute regions and autonomous provinces of Trento and Bolzano shall implement the provisions of the law.
Article 9.
(clause financial invariance).
1. Subject with Article 4, paragraph 2, the implementation of this Act shall not derive new or increased burdens on public finances.
